Manures, Fertilizers and Agro-Chemicals (Paper Code: 17010306)

Manures: bulky and concentrated, farm yard manure, different methods of composting, suitable plants species/plant residues for composting, vermicompost, green manure, oil cakes, sewage and sludge, biogas slurry, plant and animal refuges advantages and disadvantages of manures over fertilizer.

Fertilizers: classifications, manufacturing processes and properties of major nitrogenous, phosphatic and potassic fertilizers their fate and reactions in the soil, secondary and micronutrient fertilizers, amendments, fertilizer control order, fertilizer storage and handling

Types of agro-chemicals; major classes if insecticides, properties and uses of some important insecticides under each class; organic chemistry as preclude to agro chemicals; biofertilizers;  botanical insecticides {Neem, neem seed kernel extract (NSKE)}, synthetic pyrethroids,

Herbicides: major classes, properties and uses of atrazine, glyphosate, butachlor, benthiocarb; fungicides: major classes, properties and uses of common fungicides and plant growth regulators; adsorption and persistence of different agro-chemicals in soils and their impact

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Must know

Determination of total nitrogen and phosphorus in manures/composts; vermi-composting;

COD in organic wastes; NH₃ and nitrate NO₃, water soluble phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sulphur and zinc content of fertilizers;

adulteration in fertilizers; argentimetric and iodometric titrations-

their use in the analysis of metasystox, malathion and pther insecticides, copper and sulphur fungicides;

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